| Customization: | Available |
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| CAS No.: | 540-69-2 |
| Formula: | Nh4hco2 |
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Ammonium formate, NH4HCO2, is the ammonium salt of formi c acid. It is a colorless, hygroscopic, crystalline solid.
Pure ammonium formate decomposes into formamide and water when heated, and this is its primary use in industry. Formi c acid can also be obtained by reacting ammonium formate with a dilute acid, and since ammonium formate is also produced from formi c acid, it can serve as a way of storing formi c acid.
Ammonium formate can also be used in palladium on carbon (Pd/C) reduction of functional groups. In the presence of Pd/C, ammonium formate decomposes to hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and ammoni a. This hydrogen ga s is adsorbed onto the surface of the palladium metal, where it can react with various functional groups. For example, alkenes can be reduced to alkanes, formaldehyde to methano l, and nitro compounds to amines. Activated single bonds to heteroatoms can also be replaced by hydrogens (hydrogenolysis).
Ammonium formate can be used for reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones (Leuckart reaction), by the following reaction:
Ammonium formate can be used as a mobile phase additive in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and is suitable for use with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). The pKa values of formi c acid and the ammonium ion are 3.8 and 9.2, respectively.
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